Sri Lanka Survey of Household Economic Activities - 1984-85
Sri Lanka, 1984 - 1985
Reference ID
LKA-DCS-HEA-1984-1985-v1.0
Producer(s)
Department of Census and Statistics
Metadata
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Jan 19, 2023
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Identification
Survey ID Number
LKA-DCS-HEA-1984-1985-v1.0
Title
Sri Lanka Survey of Household Economic Activities - 1984-85
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Sri Lanka | LKA |
Study type
Other Household Survey [hh/oth]
Series Information
The Survey of Household Economic Activities - 1984/85 was the second in the series of surveys conducted by the Department of Census and Statistics under the National Household Survey Capability Programme(NHCSP) of the United Nations. This survey was a pioneer effort to elicit valuable information on economic activities that are being carried out in households, mainly on own-account basis. In Sri Lanka, like in many other developing countries, the formally organized sector of economic activity is limited though growing, and a large part of the economic activity is being carried out by the unorganized household sector. As there is a substantial contribution to the national economy from such activities, detailed information on them will no doubt be useful to the planners, policy makers and research workers. The survey provides detailed information on demographic characteristics of persons living in households which are engaged in household economic activities, numbers and characteristics of persons engaged in such activities and assets used, loans taken, input, output and sales related to such activities.
.
.
Abstract
The survey provides detailed information on demographic characteristics of persons living in households which are engaged in household economic activities, numbers and characteristics of persons engaged in such activities and assets used, loans .taken, input, output and sales related to such activities.
The survey covered both agricultural and non-agricultural households in which economic activities
are carried out mainly on own-account basis. The main' objective of this survey was to collect data on the
structure, organization and operation of such activities, employment (which include both household as well
as hired), inputs, output and the net income generated by such activities.
In the case of agricultural sector, the households engaged in agricultural activities with hired labour,
but on the basis of household ownership, were also covered. In addition to the households engaged in such activities
on own-account basis, without hired labour. These two categories of households were considered as
self-employed farmer households. In the case of non-agricultural sector the households engaged in economic
activities with the help of family members and/or only casual workers on ad-hoc basis were also covered in addition to households engaged in economic activities on own- account ,basis.
The survey thus covered the following categories of households.
(i) Households with at least one self-employed farmer without any hired labour (with or without
unpaid family workers).
(il) Households with at least one self-employed farmer, with hired labour (with or without unpaid
family workers).
(ill) Households engaged in non-agricultural activities on own- account basis without any hired labour
(with or without unpaid family workers).
(iv) Households engaged in non-agricultural activities with casual workers on ad-hoc basis (with or
without unpaid family workers).
The survey covered both agricultural and non-agricultural households in which economic activities
are carried out mainly on own-account basis. The main' objective of this survey was to collect data on the
structure, organization and operation of such activities, employment (which include both household as well
as hired), inputs, output and the net income generated by such activities.
In the case of agricultural sector, the households engaged in agricultural activities with hired labour,
but on the basis of household ownership, were also covered. In addition to the households engaged in such activities
on own-account basis, without hired labour. These two categories of households were considered as
self-employed farmer households. In the case of non-agricultural sector the households engaged in economic
activities with the help of family members and/or only casual workers on ad-hoc basis were also covered in addition to households engaged in economic activities on own- account ,basis.
The survey thus covered the following categories of households.
(i) Households with at least one self-employed farmer without any hired labour (with or without
unpaid family workers).
(il) Households with at least one self-employed farmer, with hired labour (with or without unpaid
family workers).
(ill) Households engaged in non-agricultural activities on own- account basis without any hired labour
(with or without unpaid family workers).
(iv) Households engaged in non-agricultural activities with casual workers on ad-hoc basis (with or
without unpaid family workers).
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Household, Individuals
Version
Version Description
v1.0: Full edited dataset, original version for internal DPD use.
Version Date
2009-02-27
Scope
Notes
The scope of HEA 1984-1985 includes the following key sections:-
- Personal Characteristics
- Fixed Assets Used for Economic Activity
- Loans Taken for Economic Activity
- Hired Labour Employed in Economic Activity
- Current Purchases and Inputs for Economic Activity
- Agriculture
- Seasonal Crops & Non-Seasonal Crop
- Livestock & Livestock Products
- Fishing & Fish Breeding
- Forestry and Hunting
- Non-Agriculture
- Mining and Quarrying
- Manufacturing
- Construction
- Trade
- Transport
- Guest Houses, Restaurants, Bars, Coffee Shops, Tea Shops etc;
- Services
- Personal Characteristics
- Fixed Assets Used for Economic Activity
- Loans Taken for Economic Activity
- Hired Labour Employed in Economic Activity
- Current Purchases and Inputs for Economic Activity
- Agriculture
- Seasonal Crops & Non-Seasonal Crop
- Livestock & Livestock Products
- Fishing & Fish Breeding
- Forestry and Hunting
- Non-Agriculture
- Mining and Quarrying
- Manufacturing
- Construction
- Trade
- Transport
- Guest Houses, Restaurants, Bars, Coffee Shops, Tea Shops etc;
- Services
Topics
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National coverage.
Universe
Households with at least one account worker, or at least one self-employed farmer or at least one from each category in each census block.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Department of Census and Statistics | Ministry of Finance and Planning |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Government of Sri Lanka | GOSL |
| United States Agency for International Development | USAID |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
Sample Design: A national sample of approximately 24,000 households were used for this survey. A sample 'of this size is required, to obtain reasonably accurate estimates at national' level by sectors and at district level.
The sampling design 'was a stratified two stage design. The lists 'of Census blocks (approximately 80' census units in the Urban Sector and 60 census units, in the Rural Sector) created for the Census of Population and Housing - 1981 were used as the basic frame for selection of primary sampling units. The total number of households, with at least one own- account worker, or at least one self-employed farmer or at least one from each category in each census block was obtained on the computer, with the identification information.
The census blocks having at least; 5. such households at the time of the census were considered as eligible ,primary sampling units (PSUs). Census blocks with less than 5 such households were combined with the adjoining blocks and formed combined blocks before selecting sample' PSUs. The households with at least one member who carry on agricultural or non-agricultural activity on an own-account basis were considered as the secondary sampling units, (SSUs). The SSUs were reached through a first stage sample of approximately 2,400 eligible census blocks.
Since the total number of agricultural and non-agricultural workers would be largely dominated by the agricultural component and since, the focus of the survey was equally on non-agricultural activities, the latter was given a special weight-age. It was done by taking two independent allocations of the first stage sample of 2,400 blocks:
One, on the basis of the number of own-account workers in the agricultural activities, and the other on the basis of the number of own-account workers, in non-agricultural activities and' a simple average of the two was taken as the basis for the' allocation, details of which is given in Appendix III of the Final Report attached in the external resources section. The number so arrived at were rounded up into multiples of 12 so as to facilitate uniform spread of the sample in each district over the 12 months of the survey.
As it was necessary to provide estimates at district level, the allocation thus arrived at had to be adjusted to some extent by increasing the sample size for the smaller districts. As such in the case of five districts, in which the allocated sample size was less than 60 census blocks each, the sample was increased by adding 24 blocks in each case. On the other hand the maximum sample size was limited to 180 blocks, as this number of blocks would be adequate for any district to give reasonably accurate estimates at district level. The total sample size thus worked out to be 2,436 census blocks.
The whole island was stratified into 24 districts and each district into two sub-strata, urban and rural (rural ,includes, the estate sector as well),thus forming 48 strata for the whole island, so that each strata would be more or less homogenous. The sample of blocks assigned to each district was allocated to the urban and rural sectors in proportion to the total number of own account workers in agricultural and non-agricultural activities. An allocation similar to that adopted to the district is not essential for scrotal allocations since non-agricultural activities which dominate the urban sector will in any case get adequate representation in the urban sector and there is no specific interest of agricultural activities in urban sector.
The survey operations were staggered uniformly over the survey period of 12 months, taking one-twelfth of the sample each month. Thus at national level 203 blocks were covered each month. In each district one-twelfth of the sample assigned was taken each month; including approximately one twelfth of the urban sample wherever feasible as shown in Appendix IV of the Final Report attached in the external resources section..
Whenever the number of urban blocks to be surveyed was small, the urban sample blocks were interspersed so that they would spread uniformly over the year. The selection of PSUs · (i.e. the Census Blocks) was done with. Probability Proportional to size (PPS) sampling with replacement, the size being the total number of households with at least one self-employed farmer (a) or with, at least one own-account worker (b) or with at least one self-employed farmer and, at least one own-account worker (c) i.e. the size measure was (a+b+c).
The lists of census units prepared for the Census of Population and Housing 1981, of each selected block were updated to include new housing 'units and to exclude ones which are no longer in existence. This updating operation was also staggered over a period of twelve months
starting from February 1984 to January 1985. The lists in respect of the census blocks which were surveyed in April, were updated in February. The blocks which were surveyed in May, were updated in March and so on. This way it was possible to obtain the most up-to-date lists for the selection of SSUs. While up-dating the list of census units in the selected census blocks, all households within each selected block, were listed on a special listing from (EALF form which is given in Appendix I) and among them households having at least one member who is a self-employed farmer or an own-account non-agricultural worker was identified. The listing schedule has two screening questions: .
(i) Is anybody in the household self-employed in Agriculture either as a primary or secondary activity? if the answer is 'No' to this question, then the following question is asked.
(ii) Is anybody in the household engaged in non-agricultural activity as an own-account worker, either as a primary or secondary activity? '
A positive reply to either of these questions implies that the household is eligible for selection. After identifying the eligible households they were classified by their main household economic activity. The main household economic activity of the household was decided on the· income criterion. It should be noted that the main household economic activity refers only to the activities that are being carried out on household basis and not the activities carried out by the household' members who are only employees working. for others. Thus, if the household is getting more income from agricultural activities carried out on household basis, such households were considered as mainly agricultural households. Similarly, if the household gets more income from non-agricultural activities carried out on household basis, such households were considered as mainly non-agricultural households. The agricultural and non-agricultural households were then sub classified broadly by income level for purposes of sample selection.
This was done by classifying the households in the two groups by-monthly income as "above .
Rs. 800" and "Less than or equal to Rs. 800". For selection of sample households in the rural blocks the eligible households were arranged in the following manner,.
(i) Agricultural Household with a monthly income of above Rs. 800/-.
(ii). Agricultural Household with a '''marginal and unknown" (Le. if the household members 'are uncertain) monthly income..
(ill) Agricultural Household with a monthly income of less than or equal to Rs. 800/-
(iv) Non-agricultural Household with a monthly income of above Rs. 800/-.
(v) Non-agricultural Household with a "marginal and unknown" (i.e. if the household members are uncertain) monthly income.
(vi) Non-agricultural Household with a monthly income of less than or equal· to Rs. 800/-.
In the case of rural blocks the selection of eligible households were done. separately in respect of the' agricultural and non-agricultural groups. Among the Agricultural Households, a sample of'5 households were selected by systematic sampling. Similarly, another 5· households· were selected among the non-agricultural households. If the number happens to be less than 5 .in any group, all eligible households in that group were included in the sample and increased the number to be selected from the other group so that the total number of samples per block is 10 households If both groups did not have the required number of eligible households, all the eligible households in the block were included in the sample.
In the case of urban blocks 10 eligible households were selected by systematic sampling without considering the agricultural and non-agricultural households as separate strata but maintaining same order of rearrangement of eligible households as explained before for rural blocks. (i.e. (i) to (vi) above). If the number of eligible households were less than or equal to 10,. all the eligible households available in the block were included in the sample.
In the rural as well as urban blocks if the number of eligible households in a block was found to be less than 7, an additional sample block was allocated to that particular district in the following monthly sub round, from among the already selected blocks for that district. This was done to maintain the required number of sample households for the district.
The sampling design 'was a stratified two stage design. The lists 'of Census blocks (approximately 80' census units in the Urban Sector and 60 census units, in the Rural Sector) created for the Census of Population and Housing - 1981 were used as the basic frame for selection of primary sampling units. The total number of households, with at least one own- account worker, or at least one self-employed farmer or at least one from each category in each census block was obtained on the computer, with the identification information.
The census blocks having at least; 5. such households at the time of the census were considered as eligible ,primary sampling units (PSUs). Census blocks with less than 5 such households were combined with the adjoining blocks and formed combined blocks before selecting sample' PSUs. The households with at least one member who carry on agricultural or non-agricultural activity on an own-account basis were considered as the secondary sampling units, (SSUs). The SSUs were reached through a first stage sample of approximately 2,400 eligible census blocks.
Since the total number of agricultural and non-agricultural workers would be largely dominated by the agricultural component and since, the focus of the survey was equally on non-agricultural activities, the latter was given a special weight-age. It was done by taking two independent allocations of the first stage sample of 2,400 blocks:
One, on the basis of the number of own-account workers in the agricultural activities, and the other on the basis of the number of own-account workers, in non-agricultural activities and' a simple average of the two was taken as the basis for the' allocation, details of which is given in Appendix III of the Final Report attached in the external resources section. The number so arrived at were rounded up into multiples of 12 so as to facilitate uniform spread of the sample in each district over the 12 months of the survey.
As it was necessary to provide estimates at district level, the allocation thus arrived at had to be adjusted to some extent by increasing the sample size for the smaller districts. As such in the case of five districts, in which the allocated sample size was less than 60 census blocks each, the sample was increased by adding 24 blocks in each case. On the other hand the maximum sample size was limited to 180 blocks, as this number of blocks would be adequate for any district to give reasonably accurate estimates at district level. The total sample size thus worked out to be 2,436 census blocks.
The whole island was stratified into 24 districts and each district into two sub-strata, urban and rural (rural ,includes, the estate sector as well),thus forming 48 strata for the whole island, so that each strata would be more or less homogenous. The sample of blocks assigned to each district was allocated to the urban and rural sectors in proportion to the total number of own account workers in agricultural and non-agricultural activities. An allocation similar to that adopted to the district is not essential for scrotal allocations since non-agricultural activities which dominate the urban sector will in any case get adequate representation in the urban sector and there is no specific interest of agricultural activities in urban sector.
The survey operations were staggered uniformly over the survey period of 12 months, taking one-twelfth of the sample each month. Thus at national level 203 blocks were covered each month. In each district one-twelfth of the sample assigned was taken each month; including approximately one twelfth of the urban sample wherever feasible as shown in Appendix IV of the Final Report attached in the external resources section..
Whenever the number of urban blocks to be surveyed was small, the urban sample blocks were interspersed so that they would spread uniformly over the year. The selection of PSUs · (i.e. the Census Blocks) was done with. Probability Proportional to size (PPS) sampling with replacement, the size being the total number of households with at least one self-employed farmer (a) or with, at least one own-account worker (b) or with at least one self-employed farmer and, at least one own-account worker (c) i.e. the size measure was (a+b+c).
The lists of census units prepared for the Census of Population and Housing 1981, of each selected block were updated to include new housing 'units and to exclude ones which are no longer in existence. This updating operation was also staggered over a period of twelve months
starting from February 1984 to January 1985. The lists in respect of the census blocks which were surveyed in April, were updated in February. The blocks which were surveyed in May, were updated in March and so on. This way it was possible to obtain the most up-to-date lists for the selection of SSUs. While up-dating the list of census units in the selected census blocks, all households within each selected block, were listed on a special listing from (EALF form which is given in Appendix I) and among them households having at least one member who is a self-employed farmer or an own-account non-agricultural worker was identified. The listing schedule has two screening questions: .
(i) Is anybody in the household self-employed in Agriculture either as a primary or secondary activity? if the answer is 'No' to this question, then the following question is asked.
(ii) Is anybody in the household engaged in non-agricultural activity as an own-account worker, either as a primary or secondary activity? '
A positive reply to either of these questions implies that the household is eligible for selection. After identifying the eligible households they were classified by their main household economic activity. The main household economic activity of the household was decided on the· income criterion. It should be noted that the main household economic activity refers only to the activities that are being carried out on household basis and not the activities carried out by the household' members who are only employees working. for others. Thus, if the household is getting more income from agricultural activities carried out on household basis, such households were considered as mainly agricultural households. Similarly, if the household gets more income from non-agricultural activities carried out on household basis, such households were considered as mainly non-agricultural households. The agricultural and non-agricultural households were then sub classified broadly by income level for purposes of sample selection.
This was done by classifying the households in the two groups by-monthly income as "above .
Rs. 800" and "Less than or equal to Rs. 800". For selection of sample households in the rural blocks the eligible households were arranged in the following manner,.
(i) Agricultural Household with a monthly income of above Rs. 800/-.
(ii). Agricultural Household with a '''marginal and unknown" (Le. if the household members 'are uncertain) monthly income..
(ill) Agricultural Household with a monthly income of less than or equal to Rs. 800/-
(iv) Non-agricultural Household with a monthly income of above Rs. 800/-.
(v) Non-agricultural Household with a "marginal and unknown" (i.e. if the household members are uncertain) monthly income.
(vi) Non-agricultural Household with a monthly income of less than or equal· to Rs. 800/-.
In the case of rural blocks the selection of eligible households were done. separately in respect of the' agricultural and non-agricultural groups. Among the Agricultural Households, a sample of'5 households were selected by systematic sampling. Similarly, another 5· households· were selected among the non-agricultural households. If the number happens to be less than 5 .in any group, all eligible households in that group were included in the sample and increased the number to be selected from the other group so that the total number of samples per block is 10 households If both groups did not have the required number of eligible households, all the eligible households in the block were included in the sample.
In the case of urban blocks 10 eligible households were selected by systematic sampling without considering the agricultural and non-agricultural households as separate strata but maintaining same order of rearrangement of eligible households as explained before for rural blocks. (i.e. (i) to (vi) above). If the number of eligible households were less than or equal to 10,. all the eligible households available in the block were included in the sample.
In the rural as well as urban blocks if the number of eligible households in a block was found to be less than 7, an additional sample block was allocated to that particular district in the following monthly sub round, from among the already selected blocks for that district. This was done to maintain the required number of sample households for the district.
Deviations from the Sample Design
3.1.1 Changes made in the sample design :
After the first three monthly. sub-rounds of the ,survey it was found that the proportion of non-agricultural
households being selected for the survey was inadequate because of the wide variation in the nature of nonagricultural
activities, as compared to agricultural activities as shown in Appendix V. As such the sample design .
was changed slightly in the last 6 months of the survey to increase the proportion of non-agricultural households.
For this purpose following procedure was adopted.
The allocation of sample blocks by districts was satisfactory and therefore it was not changed.
The' allocation of sample blocks for survey months 7 to 12 to the urban and rural sectors within each district
was changed as follows :
P = Proportion of sample blocks initially allocated to the urban sector for the last 6 months.
Q = Proportion of all non-agricultural households (including those with both types of activities) in the
district that are located in the Urban sector, according to the Census of Population - 1981.
N = Number of blocks assigned to the district for the last 6 months.
If Q and P < = 0.5, then QN or PN blocks, whichever is larger was' allocated to the urban sector of that
particular district.
If P' > ,0.5, Initial allocation was not changed for that district.
If Q:>0.5 and P <,0.5, One-half of the blocks was allocated to urban sector of that district..
In the districts where the allocation was changed, the blocks in each sector were re-allocated using a procedure
similar to that used in the original design.
Wherever a selection of additional blocks was necessary for the urban sector, the procedure that was used in
the .initial selection was used. The selection of eligible households for urban sample blocks were made in the same way as before.
In the case of rural blocks the initially,' preferred allocation was changed from 5 non-agricultural and 5
agricultural households to 8 non-agricultural and 2 agricultural households. In the blocks" having insufficient
number of households of either type,. the other type was substituted in place of them on a one-for-one ,basis,
provided they were available.
After the first three monthly. sub-rounds of the ,survey it was found that the proportion of non-agricultural
households being selected for the survey was inadequate because of the wide variation in the nature of nonagricultural
activities, as compared to agricultural activities as shown in Appendix V. As such the sample design .
was changed slightly in the last 6 months of the survey to increase the proportion of non-agricultural households.
For this purpose following procedure was adopted.
The allocation of sample blocks by districts was satisfactory and therefore it was not changed.
The' allocation of sample blocks for survey months 7 to 12 to the urban and rural sectors within each district
was changed as follows :
P = Proportion of sample blocks initially allocated to the urban sector for the last 6 months.
Q = Proportion of all non-agricultural households (including those with both types of activities) in the
district that are located in the Urban sector, according to the Census of Population - 1981.
N = Number of blocks assigned to the district for the last 6 months.
If Q and P < = 0.5, then QN or PN blocks, whichever is larger was' allocated to the urban sector of that
particular district.
If P' > ,0.5, Initial allocation was not changed for that district.
If Q:>0.5 and P <,0.5, One-half of the blocks was allocated to urban sector of that district..
In the districts where the allocation was changed, the blocks in each sector were re-allocated using a procedure
similar to that used in the original design.
Wherever a selection of additional blocks was necessary for the urban sector, the procedure that was used in
the .initial selection was used. The selection of eligible households for urban sample blocks were made in the same way as before.
In the case of rural blocks the initially,' preferred allocation was changed from 5 non-agricultural and 5
agricultural households to 8 non-agricultural and 2 agricultural households. In the blocks" having insufficient
number of households of either type,. the other type was substituted in place of them on a one-for-one ,basis,
provided they were available.
Response Rate
The response rate at the all island level was 96.9 and the non-response rate was only 3.1 percent.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 1984-04-01 | 1985-03-31 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
(i) Field check of the listing form and the updating operation by the district Statistical Officer
Each month SO choose three blocks (PSUs) at random, each listed by a different SI. He checked
to see that the proper boundaries were used and the "accuracy of the listings for a few households
and also checked whether they have identified the households with at least one own
account worker either in agriculture or in non-agriculture or both, properly. A summary report
of his findings was sent to the SSD, each month using, the form EACF - 3 a copy of which is
given in the appendix VIII. This enable him to check at least one listed block from each SI during
the first three months and identify the weaker SIs and give them the necessary instructions.' In
the subsequent rounds the work of these weaker SI's were closely and frequently supervised.
(ll) Field check of interviewing by the district SO..
Each month the SO choose 10 sample households at· random, for re-interview from 5 different
Census blocks, surveyed by, 5 different SIs. Within, first 2 months of the survey period he was able
to supervise almost all the SIs in his district and identify the weaker SIs. Necessary' instructions
were given to them whenever required. He re-asked the questions for selected parts of the survey
schedule. Where the response differ from the original ones, he entered them on the schedule in
such a way that his entries could be distinguished from those recorded in the initial interview.
A summary report of his findings was sent to SSD each month using the form EACF- 6 a copy
of which is given in the appendix XI.
(iii) District Office check of completed schedules -
Each month the SO reviewed all schedules for completeness before sending them to the SSD:
The schedules pertaining to ,each month were due in the SSD by the last day of the following
months.
(iv) SSD initial check· ,
The SSD staff reviewed a few key items on each schedule. The field SIs received, their piece rate
payment for field work only after their work passed this check. The schedules which were found
in error according to this check were given priority for the detail manual edit and the errors
found were corrected by contacting the relevant field staff and only then the payment were
made to these officers. this avoided meeting the field staff twice to get the· errors corrected. It
also improved the quality of the data collected in the subsequent sub-rounds.
Each month SO choose three blocks (PSUs) at random, each listed by a different SI. He checked
to see that the proper boundaries were used and the "accuracy of the listings for a few households
and also checked whether they have identified the households with at least one own
account worker either in agriculture or in non-agriculture or both, properly. A summary report
of his findings was sent to the SSD, each month using, the form EACF - 3 a copy of which is
given in the appendix VIII. This enable him to check at least one listed block from each SI during
the first three months and identify the weaker SIs and give them the necessary instructions.' In
the subsequent rounds the work of these weaker SI's were closely and frequently supervised.
(ll) Field check of interviewing by the district SO..
Each month the SO choose 10 sample households at· random, for re-interview from 5 different
Census blocks, surveyed by, 5 different SIs. Within, first 2 months of the survey period he was able
to supervise almost all the SIs in his district and identify the weaker SIs. Necessary' instructions
were given to them whenever required. He re-asked the questions for selected parts of the survey
schedule. Where the response differ from the original ones, he entered them on the schedule in
such a way that his entries could be distinguished from those recorded in the initial interview.
A summary report of his findings was sent to SSD each month using the form EACF- 6 a copy
of which is given in the appendix XI.
(iii) District Office check of completed schedules -
Each month the SO reviewed all schedules for completeness before sending them to the SSD:
The schedules pertaining to ,each month were due in the SSD by the last day of the following
months.
(iv) SSD initial check· ,
The SSD staff reviewed a few key items on each schedule. The field SIs received, their piece rate
payment for field work only after their work passed this check. The schedules which were found
in error according to this check were given priority for the detail manual edit and the errors
found were corrected by contacting the relevant field staff and only then the payment were
made to these officers. this avoided meeting the field staff twice to get the· errors corrected. It
also improved the quality of the data collected in the subsequent sub-rounds.
Data Collection Notes
Field data Collection
The collection of data war done by approximately 250 Statistical Investigators (SI's) who belong to the
permanent field staff of the Department of Census and Statistics, Sri Lanka. Each Sl is in-charge of all statistical
activities in an administrative geographical unit called an Assistant Government Agents Division (A.G.A.
Division). Each administrative district comprises of about 10 to 15 such units and there are altogether 256
A.G.A. Divisions in Sri Lanka. These officers were given a thorough training before they were entrusted with the
survey operations. In each district there is a Statistical Officer (SO) who is in -charge of the Statistical activities
in district and one of his main functions is to supervise the work of the Statistical Investigators.
The collection of data war done by approximately 250 Statistical Investigators (SI's) who belong to the
permanent field staff of the Department of Census and Statistics, Sri Lanka. Each Sl is in-charge of all statistical
activities in an administrative geographical unit called an Assistant Government Agents Division (A.G.A.
Division). Each administrative district comprises of about 10 to 15 such units and there are altogether 256
A.G.A. Divisions in Sri Lanka. These officers were given a thorough training before they were entrusted with the
survey operations. In each district there is a Statistical Officer (SO) who is in -charge of the Statistical activities
in district and one of his main functions is to supervise the work of the Statistical Investigators.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Department of Census and Statistics | DCS | Ministry of Finance and Planning |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
The household schedule used for the survey consist of three sections. In addition all the
identification information of the household and control data were collected in the first page of the schedule. Identification information sought here were the District, Electorate, Assistant Government Agents Division, Grama Sevaka Division, name of the local authority in the case of urban sector, name of the village in the case of rural sector, name of the state in the· case of estate sector, census block number etc., to which the household belongs.
In the section on control data, the information on the date of visit to the household, result code, and time
taken were recorded separately, for up to three visits to the household. Result code indicates whether the schedule
is completed, partly completed, refused, household is changed, house is demolished or not completed due to any
other reason. These data not only control the flow of the schedules, to see whether a schedule is completed at least
up to control data section for each of the selected households, but also enable to compute the different non-response rates such as refusal rate, demolished cases etc.
The three main sections of· the schedule are the Section 1, which deals with demographic characteristics of
the· household members and particulars on the economic' activities carried out by them, Section 2 which deals with fixed assets, loans taken, hired labour, current purchases and inputs and Section 3 which deals with current operations, out-put and sales.
identification information of the household and control data were collected in the first page of the schedule. Identification information sought here were the District, Electorate, Assistant Government Agents Division, Grama Sevaka Division, name of the local authority in the case of urban sector, name of the village in the case of rural sector, name of the state in the· case of estate sector, census block number etc., to which the household belongs.
In the section on control data, the information on the date of visit to the household, result code, and time
taken were recorded separately, for up to three visits to the household. Result code indicates whether the schedule
is completed, partly completed, refused, household is changed, house is demolished or not completed due to any
other reason. These data not only control the flow of the schedules, to see whether a schedule is completed at least
up to control data section for each of the selected households, but also enable to compute the different non-response rates such as refusal rate, demolished cases etc.
The three main sections of· the schedule are the Section 1, which deals with demographic characteristics of
the· household members and particulars on the economic' activities carried out by them, Section 2 which deals with fixed assets, loans taken, hired labour, current purchases and inputs and Section 3 which deals with current operations, out-put and sales.
Data Processing
Data Editing
Data entry checks·
Range checks and a number of other simple edit checks were performed on the data entry machines
(key to disk) while the data was being keyed.
Computer edits
Most of the edits performed manually were incorporated in the computer edits and the data was
thoroughly cleaned before the working master fl1es were created. The computer edit consists of
three parts.
(i) Structural edit
(ii) range edit
(iii) within sections and between sections consistency checks
Range checks and a number of other simple edit checks were performed on the data entry machines
(key to disk) while the data was being keyed.
Computer edits
Most of the edits performed manually were incorporated in the computer edits and the data was
thoroughly cleaned before the working master fl1es were created. The computer edit consists of
three parts.
(i) Structural edit
(ii) range edit
(iii) within sections and between sections consistency checks
Other Processing
In addition to this some imputations were also done on the computer. In section 3 which deals with the
current operations, output and sales only. the quantities were asked in the case of output· and the values for those
quantities were imputed using the unit price derived from the sales. If the sales were not recorded in the schedule,
average unit price was calculated using .
(i) the other schedules of the same block
or - .
(ii) the other schedules of the district.
After all cleaning the data, adding sample weights and produce the statistical tables.
current operations, output and sales only. the quantities were asked in the case of output· and the values for those
quantities were imputed using the unit price derived from the sales. If the sales were not recorded in the schedule,
average unit price was calculated using .
(i) the other schedules of the same block
or - .
(ii) the other schedules of the district.
After all cleaning the data, adding sample weights and produce the statistical tables.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
Refer the pages 12 to 16 of the final report attached in the External Resources section.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Information Unit | Department of Census and Statistics | information@statistic.gov.lk | http//:www.statistics.gov.lk |
| Sample Survey Division | Department of Census and Statistics | Sample.survey@statistic.gov.lk | http//:www.statistics.gov.lk |
Confidentiality
Under the Statistical ordinance, micro data cannot be released with identifications for public use. Procedures are in place to ensure that information relating to any particular individual person, household or undertaking will be kept strictly confidential and will not be divulged to external parties. Information on individual or individual Household/establishment will not be divulged or published in such a form that will facilitate the identification of any particular person or establishment as the data have been collected under the Census/Statistical ordinance, according to which the information at individual level cannot be divulged and such information is strictly confidential.
Access conditions
The dataset has been anonymized and is available as a Public Use Dataset. It is accessible to all for statistical and research purposes only, under the following terms and conditions:
1. The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement.
2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently.
4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the Department or among data from the Department and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.
5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the Department will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
6. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to the Department
The following rules apply to micro data released by the Department of Census and Statistics.
• Only the requests of Government Institutions, Recognized Universities, Students, and selected international agencies are entertained. However, the Data users are required to strictly adhere to
the terms stipulated in the agreement form.
• All the data requests should be made to Director General (DG) of the DCS as the sole authority of releasing data is vested with the DG, DCS. DCS of Sri Lanka reserves sole right to approve or reject any data request made depending on the confidential nature of the data set and intended purpose of the study or analysis.
• Requests for micro data should be made through the agreement form designed by DCS for this purpose (Form D.R.1). The agreement form should be filled in triplicate and the Study/project proposal should accompany the filled agreement form. If requests are made for the micro data of more than one survey, a separate agreement should be signed.
• If the data request is from a student a letter from the respective Dept. Head/Dean/Supervisor, recommending the issue of data, should also be accompanied.
• If the request is approved only 25% of the data file is released at the first stage. The release of the total data file is considered only after reviewing the draft report prepared on the basis of the 25% sample data file.
• The released Data file should be used only for the specific study/Analysis mentioned in the agreement form and shall not be used for any other purpose without the prior approval of the Director General of the DCS. Moreover, Copies of the micro-data file, obtained from the DCS, shall not be given to anyone else without the prior written approval of the Director General of the DCS.
• The draft report of the Study/Analysis should be submitted to the DCS and the concurrence of the DG, DCS, should be obtained before publishing it. Once published, a copy of the final report should be submitted to the DCS.
[Department : The Department of Census and Statistics]
Source : http://www.statistics.gov.lk/databases/data%20dissemination/DataDissaPolicy_2007Oct26.pdf
1. The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement.
2. The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
3. No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently.
4. No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by the Department or among data from the Department and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.
5. Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the Department will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
6. An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to the Department
The following rules apply to micro data released by the Department of Census and Statistics.
• Only the requests of Government Institutions, Recognized Universities, Students, and selected international agencies are entertained. However, the Data users are required to strictly adhere to
the terms stipulated in the agreement form.
• All the data requests should be made to Director General (DG) of the DCS as the sole authority of releasing data is vested with the DG, DCS. DCS of Sri Lanka reserves sole right to approve or reject any data request made depending on the confidential nature of the data set and intended purpose of the study or analysis.
• Requests for micro data should be made through the agreement form designed by DCS for this purpose (Form D.R.1). The agreement form should be filled in triplicate and the Study/project proposal should accompany the filled agreement form. If requests are made for the micro data of more than one survey, a separate agreement should be signed.
• If the data request is from a student a letter from the respective Dept. Head/Dean/Supervisor, recommending the issue of data, should also be accompanied.
• If the request is approved only 25% of the data file is released at the first stage. The release of the total data file is considered only after reviewing the draft report prepared on the basis of the 25% sample data file.
• The released Data file should be used only for the specific study/Analysis mentioned in the agreement form and shall not be used for any other purpose without the prior approval of the Director General of the DCS. Moreover, Copies of the micro-data file, obtained from the DCS, shall not be given to anyone else without the prior written approval of the Director General of the DCS.
• The draft report of the Study/Analysis should be submitted to the DCS and the concurrence of the DG, DCS, should be obtained before publishing it. Once published, a copy of the final report should be submitted to the DCS.
[Department : The Department of Census and Statistics]
Source : http://www.statistics.gov.lk/databases/data%20dissemination/DataDissaPolicy_2007Oct26.pdf
Citation requirements
"Department of Census and Statistics, Household Economic Activity Survey 1984-1985, Version 1.0 of the public use dataset, March 2009, provided by the National Data Archive, Data Processing Division, www.statistics.gov.lk"
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director General | Department of Census and Statistics | dgcensus@sltnet.lk | http//:www.statistics.gov.lk |
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The Department of Census and Satatistics bears no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the secondary use of the data.
Copyright
(C) 2009, Department of Census and Statistics
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI-LKA-DCS-HEA-1984-1985-v1.0
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Census and Statistics | DCS | Ministry of Finance & Planning | Data Collection |
Date of Metadata Production
2009-02-18
DDI Document version
Version 1.0 ( February 2009 ).